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What Are the Four Major Tournaments in Golf?

Leo J
Leo J

When many people refer to the four major tournaments in golf, they are talking about the four most prestigious annual events in men's golf. Also called "majors," they are the Masters, the United States Open Championship, the Open Championship — or British Open — and the PGA Championship. There also are four majors in women's golf and five in senior men's golf. From time to time, the tournaments that are considered to be majors for each group might change as different events become more or less prestigious.

The tournaments that are considered majors are determined by popular opinion rather than any official governing body. Each major has its own requirements for qualification, and for many golfers, simply qualifying for a major is a significant achievement. The money that can be won by the professional golfers in each of the four majors also is more than in most other tournaments. Each major consists of four rounds of 18 holes and has specific rules for a playoff if there is a tie for the lead after the fourth round.

Masters

The Augusta National Golf Club is the site of the Masters.
The Augusta National Golf Club is the site of the Masters.

The only men's major that is held on the same golf course each year is the Masters, which is played in early April at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Established in 1934, the Masters is known for its picturesque setting and for the green jacket that is presented to the winner. The Masters also includes the fewest golfers of any major; invitations usually are sent to less than 100 golfers based on certain qualifications, such as recent winners of certain tournaments and golfers who were ranked among the top 50 in the world for the previous year. All previous Masters winners receive lifetime invitations, although most eventually stop participating after they are no longer able to compete at a certain level.

U.S. Open

There will be large crowds at each of the four major golf tournaments.
There will be large crowds at each of the four major golf tournaments.

The United States Open Championship, or U.S. Open, was established in 1895 and is conducted by the United States Golf Association (USGA) each June. The field of 156 golfers consists of both those who receive exemptions to play based on certain criteria, similar to the Masters qualifications, as well as those who earn their spots by competing in special local and sectional qualifying tournaments. Any amateur or professional golfer who meets the USGA's requirements can attempt to qualify for the U.S. Open by competing in the qualifying tournaments. The U.S. Open is not held on the same golf course each year and has been held on various courses around the United States. This tournament typically is considered the most difficult of the majors, if not of all golf tournaments, because the courses are set up by the USGA to be extremely difficult.

Open Championship

Held in July, the British Open usually takes place on one of nine courses in Scotland and England.
Held in July, the British Open usually takes place on one of nine courses in Scotland and England.

Established in 1860, the Open Championship is the oldest of golf's major tournaments and is especially known for its great tradition. It is conducted by The R&A, which derived its name from The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews, Scotland, and is considered to be one of the governing bodies of golf. Held in July, this tournament usually takes place on one of nine courses in Scotland and England. Like the U.S. Open, the British Open field of 156 golfers includes both those who receive exemptions based on certain criteria as well as those who have earned spots through special qualifying tournaments. British Open courses are "links" courses, which means that they tend to be near the coast and have few trees, but they frequently are quite challenging because of things such as strong winds, deep sand bunkers and very tall, thick grass except in the main playing areas.

PGA Championship

The PGA Championship is conducted by the Professional Golfers' Association of America, which is the organization for golf instructors and other golf officials in the U.S. This tournament is held in August at a course in the U.S. The field of 156 golfers includes 20 who are professional instructors — or "club pros" — and 136 other qualifiers based on various criteria. It is the only tournament that does not reserve a certain number of playing spots for amateur golfers; an amateur likely would have to win one of the other majors to qualify.

History

The Masters, U.S. Open, British Open and PGA Championship have been considered to be the four majors since about 1960. Before the Masters was established in 1934, the British Amateur and U.S. Amateur were considered to be majors, along with the U.S. Open and British Open. By the late 1950s, the Masters and PGA Championship had replaced the two amateur events as majors.

Grand Slam

The term "grand slam" in golf is used to refer to the feat of one golfer winning all four majors in the same year. The only golfer to have won a grand slam is American Bobby Jones, who won the U.S. Open, British Open, U.S. Amateur and British Amateur in 1930. The feat has never been accomplished under the current composition of majors. American Tiger Woods did win four consecutive majors from 2000 to 2001; after placing fifth in the 2000 Masters, he won the 2000 U.S. Open, 2000 British Open, 2000 PGA Championship and 2001 Masters. Some people have referred to this accomplishment as the "Tiger Slam."

Women's Majors

Most tournaments in women's professional golf consist of three rounds of 18 holes each, but women's majors are four rounds each. The four women's tournaments that are considered majors are the Kraft Nabisco Championship, Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) Championship, U.S. Women's Open and Women's British Open. In 2001, Women's British Open replaced the du Maurier Classic as a major. Other tournaments that were once considered women's majors include the Women's Western Open and Titleholders Classic.

Senior Men's Majors

Male golfers age 50 or older are eligible to play in senior men's tournaments. Most senior men's tournaments consist of three rounds of 18 holes, but as the majors are all four rounds. There are five senior men's majors: the Senior PGA Championship; The Tradition; the Senior Players Championship; the U.S. Senior Open; and the Senior Open Championship, or Senior British Open.

Discussion Comments

Emilski

I have to say that there is a lot of weight put on a players legacy in winning a major. I know that Phil Mickelson really had a lot of negative press for simply not winning the big ones and once he was able to win that one elusive major he managed to win 3 more and is now able to make a case as one of the greatest golfers ever.

I know that the title of "best golfer to never win a major" gets passed around all the time, but every so often someone will come out of absolute nowhere and win a major. I find this title to not give the person due justice as there have been many fluke winners of majors and fantastic players that have never won a major but won about everything else they could.

I really find that the media puts too much weight on winning majors in order to set the persons legacy in stone and does not focus enough on tournament wins or money earned. I am wondering why there is so much emphasis put on these four tournaments when they do not even make up one tenth of the schedule of the PGA Tour season?

jmc88

@jcraig - You are absolutely correct and it is even incredibly difficult for a golfer to win all four majors in a career let alone a single year.

To my knowledge the only active player to complete the Grand Slam is Tiger Woods and Jack Nicklaus, Gary Player, Ben Hogan, and Gene Sarazen are the only players to ever accomplish the career Grand Slam.

This is quite and amazing thing to think about considering the amount of talent and the names of famous golfers who have not won all four, but each major requires the player to play a different game and it is rare for someone to have the game to adapt to all four of the different tournaments.

I know one of the best golfers ever, Lee Trevino, could not play Augusta, the site of the Masters, due to the way he played the game and the way the course was set up and I believe he only finished in the top ten once, despite winning all the other majors twice and having a Hall of Fame career.

There are many guys like this that could not play one type of tournament and this shows that very few guys have the ability to even compete in all four of the majors.

jcraig

@TreeMan - I absolutely agree. When Bobby Jones accomplished the feat in 1930, this was the first form of the Grand Slam as the Masters had not been established yet and Jones could not play in the PGA Championship as he was not considered a professional and they did not allow amateurs to compete.

I find it quite amazing that despite Jones's prowess as a golfer and his ability to just completely obliterate the field he never drew a dime off of his game and chose the life of an amateur.

This is something that will definitely never happen as an amateur will never win the Grand Slam, let alone possibly winning a major in these competitive fields today.

TreeMan

Although no golfer has ever won the Grand Slam in a single calendar year, there has been one golfer that has won four straight majors, thus completing what I would describe as a wrap around grand slam.

Tiger Woods managed to accomplish this impossible to comprehend feat during the 2000 to 2001 season when he won by, in my opinion even more incredible 15 shots at the US Open, was just as dominant in the British Open, won in a playoff against a little regarded underdog in the PGA Championship, and finished up the wrap around Grand Slam by blowing the field away in the Masters the following April.

The amazing thing about this feat is that in the first three majors he won he won with record scores and in the Masters the only tournament he did not set the record in, he only shot two shots higher than the previous record, set by him a mere four years earlier.

Since then people have speculated whether this is a real Grand Slam and although it may not fall into the exact category, it is a feat that will probably never happen again.

anon102592

Who were the other four?

maryd53

Who is the oldest player to win a major tournament?

habura

No woman has completed a Women's Grand Slam, but six women accomplished career grand slams (winning each of the four different majors within their golfing career), including Annika Sorenstam and Karrie Webb.

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    • The Augusta National Golf Club is the site of the Masters.
      By: Blair Howard
      The Augusta National Golf Club is the site of the Masters.
    • There will be large crowds at each of the four major golf tournaments.
      By: tapgoodimages
      There will be large crowds at each of the four major golf tournaments.
    • Held in July, the British Open usually takes place on one of nine courses in Scotland and England.
      By: kameonline
      Held in July, the British Open usually takes place on one of nine courses in Scotland and England.